This research assists portfolio managers in estimating expected losses on a portfolio of distressed debt issuances as the predicted costs exclusively associated with bankruptcy filing and default. The pro-posed model conveys high significance among investment managers of non-investment grade debt is-suances, where bankruptcy filing is a real hazard for the underlying assets. We offer simple derivations, general guidelines, and a numerical example for estimating the necessary parameters of the model. Portfolio managers could deploy the formulae within a dynamic code, which can be frequently cali-brated to better identify superior investment strategies and optimize investment performance on high-yield debt issuances.

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